Environmental Chemistry

Chemical species present in the environment are either naturally occurring or generated by human activities. The study of their interaction with and effects on the environment is called as:
1. Environmental chemistry
2. Environmental chemical interactions
3. Environmental pollution
4. Environmental studies
The effect of undesirable changes in the environment causing harm to living beings is termed as:
1. Environmental biology
2. Environmental studies
3. Environmental chemistry
4. Environmental pollution
Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane (DDT), plastic materials, heavy metals etc. belong to which of the following category of pollutants in environment:
1. Slowly degradable
2. Non-biodegradable
3. Bio-degradable
4. None of the above
Which of the following pollutants can degrade by natural processes?
1. Nuclear waste
2. Vegetables
3. Refrigerant materials
4. Majority of chemicals
Tropospheric and stratospheric pollution are actually the components of:
1. Soil pollution
2. Water pollution
3. Environmental pollution
4. Atmospheric pollution
Stratosphere is a region of the atmosphere which contains:
1. Water vapour and clouds
2. Air
3. Ozone layer
4. Plants
Troposphere is a region of the atmosphere which contains:
1. Little water vapours
2. Dinitrogen and dioxygen gases
3. Human beings
4. Ozone layer
Tropospheric pollution is caused by:
1. Dinitrogen and dioxygen gases
2. Cloud formation and turbulence
3. Chlorofluorocarbons (freons)
4. Oxides of sulphur, nitrogen and carbon
Acid rain is:
1. Deposition of water polluted by toxic heavy metal residues on earth
2. Deposition of organic wastes on earth
3. Deposition of acidic gaseous pollutants on earth from the atmosphere
4. Much water vapours
Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed in water bodies because it causes major water pollution. Fishes in such a polluted water bodies die because of:
1. Clogging of gills by mud
2. Decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in water
3. Increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen
4. Large number of mosquitoes
Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) causes:
1. Ageing
2. Results in tears and redness
3. Acute respiratory disease
4. Skin itching
Hydrocarbons are formed by:
1. Complete combustion of fossil fuel
2. Complete combustion of carbon
3. Combustion of fuel in automobiles, at high temperatures
4. Incomplete combustion of fuel used in automobiles
Carbon monoxide is one of the most dangerous air pollutants and is produced as a result of:
1. Incomplete combustion of carbon, firewood and petrol
2. Complete combustion of fuel used in automobiles
3. Combustion of fuel in automobiles at high temperatures
4. Complete combustion of fossil fuel
Carbon monoxide is poisonous to human beings because:
1. Results in tears and redness
2. Acute respiratory disease
3. It binds to haemoglobin and eventually produces oxygen deficiency
4. They are carcinogenic
Inadequate pollution control equipments result in the:
1. Release of greater amount of CO
2. Release of greater amount of NO2
3. Release of greater amount of NO
4. Release of greater amount of SO2
Which of these reactions in the atmosphere leads to acid rain?
1. S + O₂ -------> SO₂
2. CO₂ + H₂ -------> H₂CO₃
3. 2SO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O ------> 2H₂SO₄
4. 2Mg + O₂ -------> 2MgO
The death of Scandinavian forests was blamed on:
1. Tree surgeons
2. Pollution from UK power stations
3. Pollution from Scandinavian power stations
4. The Chernobyl disaster
Acid rain does not cause:
1. Damage to trees
2. Erosion of limestone and marble
3. Global warming
4. Lakes with a very low pH
Sulphur dioxide levels can be reduced by using:
1. Catalytic converters
2. Static electricity to attract it in factory chimneys
3. More efficient car engines
4. Low sulphur fuels
Which of these atmospheric pollutants is not released by car exhausts?
1. Lead oxide
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Magnesium oxide
4. Carbon monoxide
Unleaded paint and petrol were introduced because:
1. European Parliament recommended it
2. Lead was proven to affect the brain and cause mental impairment
3. Unleaded petrol made cars go faster
4. It was cheaper to produce than leaded products
Chemical species present in the environment are either naturally occurring or generated by human activities. Their interrelation with the surroundings is called:
1. Environmental pollution
2. Environmental chemical interactions
3. Environmental chemistry
4. Environmental studies
The greenhouse effect is where:
1. Too many buildings are built from glass
2. You take gardening too seriously
3. Solar panels are attached to the roofs of houses
4. Heat energy is trapped by the atmosphere
The greenhouse effect is thought to be the cause of:
1. An increase in global temperature
2. Huge tomatoes
3. Skin cancer
4. An increase in asthma sufferers
Global warming will not result in:
1. Increasing sea levels
2. Increasing the size of the hole in the ozone layer
3. Unpredictable climate patterns
4. Melting of the ice caps
Which of these was an attempt by world governments to specifically address the problem of global warming?
1. Agenda 21
2. The Geneva Convention
3. The Kyoto Agreement
4. The CITES Treaty
Carbon dioxide and oxygen levels are maintained by:
1. Perspiration
2. Photosynthesis and respiration
3. Photosynthesis
4. Respiration
The balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen has been upset by:
1. Increasing human population
2. Excessive burning of fossil fuels
3. Burning fossil fuels and deforestation
4. Large scale deforestation
Deforestation is responsible for:
1. Diversification
2. Eutrophication
3. Salinisation
4. Desertification
Carbon dioxide in the oceans can be used by:
1. Fish
2. Phytoplankton
3. Zooplankton
4. Deep sea divers
In cold places, vegetables, fruits and flowers are grown in glass covered areas called green houses. This is because of one or more of the following. Choose the most appropriate:
1. It traps the solar energy
2. It maintains the temperature as well as traps the solar energy
3. It maintains the temperature
4. It absorbs the infrared radiation
Green plants reduce environmental pollution by removing the excess of SO₂:
1. Removing the excess of SO₂
2. Removing the excess of CO
3. Removing the excess of CO₂
4. Removing the excess of NO₂
Deforestation and burning of fossil fuels adds to the environmental pollution by:
1. Depletes CO₂ required by green plants for photosynthesis
2. Results in the production of some unwanted hydrocarbons
3. Increasing the CO₂ level and causes global warming
4. Releasing more decane into the atmosphere
Which of the following pollutant gases naturally occurs in the environment?
1. NO₂
2. SO₂
3. N₂O
4. SO₃
Ozone hole is:
1. Decrease in ultraviolet radiations
2. Decrease in infrared radiations
3. Depletion of ozone layer in the stratosphere
4. Decrease in the greenhouse gases
The gas released during volcanic eruptions is:
1. NO
2. H₂O₂
3. CO₂
4. CO
This process in which nutrient enriched water bodies support a dense plant population, which kills animal life by depriving it of oxygen and results in subsequent loss of biodiversity, is called as:
1. Mesosphere effect
2. Increase in green house gas
3. Eutrophication
4. Troposphere effect
Measure of the amount of organic material in the water, in terms of how much oxygen will be required to break it down biologically is termed as:
1. Eutrophication value
2. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
3. Hydrosphere measure
4. Measure of polluted water
Recycling of materials and energy will lead to:
1. Increase in soil pollution
2. Increas in the trapped solar energy
3. Decrease in environmental pollution
4. Increase in green house gases
Reducing potentially hazardous waste through smarter productions is called:
1. Green house chemistry
2. Waste water management
3. Green chemistry
4. Metathesis
Metathesis is developed by:
1. Chauvin, Watson and Schrock
2. Chauvin, Gruubs and Schrock
3. Chauvin, Crick and Schrock
4. Gruubs, Watson and Crick
Three elements needed for the healthy growth of plants are:
1. N S P
2. N P K
3. N K C
4. N Ca P
The Earth does not directly provide which of man’s basic needs:
1. Water
2. Air
3. Food
4. Shelter
Which of these is not released from burning fossil fuels?
1. Carbon dioxide
2. Nitrogen oxides
3. Copper oxide
4. Sulphur dioxide
Dissolved pollutant gases can form:
1. Alkali snow
2. Neutral hail
3. Acid rain
4. Ozone
Rotting garbage dumps and by fossil fuels or when vegetation is burnt, paddy fields, coal mines, large amounts of one of the following gases are released.
1. Ethane
2. CFC
3. Nitrous oxide
4. Methane
Avoiding burning of dry leaves and wood will help in reducing:
1. greenhouse gases
2. global warming
3. reduce the production of nitrous oxide
4. reduce the production of nitrous oxide
Which of the following is a macronutrient?
1. Boron
2. Iron
3. Carbon
4. Copper
Increase in the global temperature increases the incidence of:
1. cirrhosis
2. tuberculosis
3. AIDS
4. dengue
The formation of acid rain can be reduced:
1. by increasing the emission of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere.
2. by reducing the emission of chlorine and nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere.
3. by reducing the emission of carbon monoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the atmosphere.
4. by reducing the emission of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere.
Catalytic converters must be used in cars to reduce the to reduce the effect of exhaust fumes on the atmosphere. The converter should contain one of the main components:
1. ceramic honeycomb coated with precious metals
2. plastic comb coated with Pd, Pt
3. ceramic honeycomb coated with nonmetals
4. plastic comb coated with Rh
Requirement of macronutrient per acre of the land is:
1. 30 - 400 kg
2. 200 - 400 kg
3. 5 - 200 kg
4. 20 - 200 kg
Three elements needed for the healthy growth of plants are:
1. N K C
2. N S P
3. N P K
4. N Ca P
Which of the following is not a secondary pollutant?
1. Ozone
2. Carbonic acid
3. Carbon dioxide
4. Sulphuric aicd
Residence time of methane in the atmosphere is:
1. 3 - 7 years
2. 2 -3 days
3. 2 - 3 years
4. 3 - 7 days
Major cause of SO₂ on a global scale is:
1. All
2. Combustion
3. Volcanoes
4. Electric sparks
Which of the following is not a condition for the formation of smog?
1. Sunlight
2. Winds
3. Sufficient NO
4. Less movement of air
Incineration of municipal waste is carried out in the temperature range of:
1. 250 to 500^∘C
2. 900 to 1000^∘C
3. 500 to 900^∘C
4. 950 to 1300^∘C
In which of the following layer of atmosphere there is more thickness of ozone layer?
1. Stratosphere
2. Photosphere
3. Troposphere
4. Mesosphere
Which of the following air pollutants is more dangerous for ozone layer?
1. CO
2. CO₂
3. Oxides of nitrogen
4. CFC
The ozone layer found high in the stratosphere:
1. Protects against the suns harmful UV rays
2. Is capable of disintegrating fabric and rubber
3. Can react with atmospheric pollutants to form smog
4. Is toxic to plants
Holes in the ozone layer are thought to have been caused by:
1. Methane
2. CFC’s
3. Space exploration
4. Carbon dioxide
Which of the following gases is not a green house gas?
1. H₂O vapour
2. O₃
3. CHO₄
4. CO
Photochemical smog occurs in warm, dry and sunny climate. One of the following is not amongst the components of photochemical smog, identify it.
1. Unsaturated hydrocarbon
2. SO₂
3. O₃
4. NO₂
Which of the following statements is not true about classical smog?
1. It contains smoke, fog and sulphur dioxide.
2. Its main components are produced by the action of sunlight on emissions of automobiles and factories.
3. It contains compounds of reducing nature.
4. Produced in cold and humid climate
Biochemical Oxygen Demand, (BOD) is a measure of organic material present in water. BOD value less than 5 ppm indicates a water sample to be __________.
1. rich in dissolved oxygen
2. poor in dissolved oxygen
3. highly polluted
4. not suitable for aquatic life
Which of the following statements is wrong?
1. Ozone hole is thinning of ozone layer present in stratosphere.
2. Ozone is not responsible for green house effect.
3. Ozone is produced in upper stratosphere by the action of UV rays on oxygen.
4. Ozone can oxidise sulphur dioxide present in the atmosphere to sulphur trioxide.
Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed in water bodies because it causes major water pollution. Fishes in such a polluted water die because of:
1. Clogging of gills by mud
2. Large number of mosquitoes
3. Decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in water
4. Increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen
Which of the following statements about photochemical smog is wrong?
1. It has high concentration of oxidising agents
2. It has low concentration of oxidising agent
3. Plantation of some plants like pinus helps in controlling photochemical smog
4. It can be controlled by controlling the release of NO₂, hydrocarbons, ozone etc.
The gaseous envelope around the earth is known as atmosphere. The lowest layer of this is extended upto 10 km from sea level, this layer is _________.
1. Troposphere
2. Stratosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Hydrosphere
Dinitrogen and dioxygen are main constituents of air but these do not react with each other to form oxides of nitrogen because _________.
1. the reaction is endothermic and requires very high temperature
2. oxides of nitrogen are unstable
3. the reaction can be initiated only in presence of a catalyst
4. N₂ and O₂ are unreactive
The pollutants which come directly in the air from sources are called primary pollutants. Primary pollutants are sometimes converted into secondary pollutants. Which of the following belongs to secondary air pollutants?
1. Hydrocarbon
2. NO
3. Peroxyacetyl nitrate
4. CO
Which of the following statements is correct?
1. Ozone hole is a hole formed in stratosphere from which ozone oozes out.
2. Ozone hole means vanishing of ozone layer around the earth completely.
3. Ozone hole is thinning of ozone layer of stratosphere at some places.
4. Ozone hole is a hole formed in the troposphere from which ozone oozes out.
Which of the following practices will not come under green chemistry?
1. Using bicycle for travelling small distances instead of using petrol/diesel based vehicles.
2. Using H₂O₂ for bleaching purpose instead of using chlorine based bleaching agents
3. If possible, making use of soap made of vegetable oils instead of using synthetic detergents.
4. Using plastic cans for neatly storing substances
Carboxyhaemoglobin does one of the following things if present in human blood:
1. Reduces the bone strength
2. Oxygen deficiency
3. Reduces the nerve signals
4. Carbondioxide deficiency
The upper most region of the atmosphere is
1. Stratosphere
2. Exosphere
3. Troposphere
4. Ionosphere
Oxides of nitrogen
1. Are toxic to living tissues
2. Cause respiratory diseases in children
3. Retard the rate of photosynthesis
4. Causes all of these
What are the effect if a pregnant lady has the habit of smoking?
1. Premature birth
2. Deformed baby
3. PMT
4. All of these
Atmosphere of big/metropolitan cities are polluted most by
1. Automobile exhausts
2. Pesticide residue
3. House hold waste
4. Radioactive fall out
The point of inversion between troposphere and ionosphere is called
1. Stratopause
2. Mesopause
3. Ionopause
4. Tropopause
Co-existance of biotic and abiotic components of the environment along with climatic factors such as temperature, humidity, etc. is called
1. Eutrophication
2. Atmosphere
3. Ecosystem
4. Halomorphism
Mesopause represents the point of temperature inversion between
1. Troposphere and stratosphere
2. Troposphere and mesosphere
3. Stratosphere and mesosphere
4. Mesoshphere and thermosphere
Burning of fossil fuels is the main source of which of the following pollutants?
1. Nitrogen oxide
2. Nitric oxide
3. Nitrous oxide
4. Sulphur dioxide
Photochemical smog is formed by
1. Summer during day time
2. Summer during morning time
3. Winter during morning time
4. Winter during day time
The non-viable particulate is
1. Bacteria
2. Moulds
3. Dust
4. Fungi
Harmful chemical present in tobacco is
1. Atropine
2. Nicotine
3. Tannic acid
4. Morphine
Depletion of ozone layer causes
1. Blood cancer
2. Skin cancer
3. Lung cancer
4. Breast cancer
Carbon monoxide is pollutant as it
1. Inactivates nerves
2. Inhibits Glycolysis
3. Combines with oxygen
4. Combines with haemoglobin
Ozone hole is maximum over
1. Europe
2. Africa
3. India
4. Antarctica
Which city is not the part of Taj Trapezium?
1. Agra
2. Faridabad
3. Mathura
4. Firozabad
DDT is
1. A fertilizer
2. Biodegradeble pollutant
3. Green house gas
4. Non biodegradable pollutant
Spraying of DDT produces pollution of the type
1. Air
2. Air and water
3. Air and soil
4. Air,water and soil
Which of the following combines with haemoglobin in blood?
1. carbon dioxide
2. Methyl cyanide
3. Carbon monoxide
4. Methyl isocyanide
Which of the following is not a part of green chemistry?
1. Photochemistry
2. Sonochemistry
3. Nuclear chemistry
4. Biochemistry
The reaction caused by UV radiations from sun produces
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Ozone
3. Sulphur dioxide
4. Fluoride
Ozone layer of stratosphere required protection from indiscriminate use of
1. Balloons
2. Pesticides
3. Aerosols and highflying jets
4. Atomic explosions
Sewage mostly constitutes
1. Effluents
2. Biodegradable pollutants
3. Non-biodegradable pollutants
4. Air pollutants
Fishes die in water bodies polluted by seawge due to
1. Pathogens
2. Clogging of gills by silt
3. Reduction in oxygen
4. Foul smell
Eutrophication causes reduction in
1. Dissolved hydrogen
2. Dissolved oxygen
3. Dissolved salts
4. All the above
Phosphate pollution is caused by
1. Weathering of phosphate rock only
2. Agriculture fertilizers only
3. Phosphate rocks and sewage
4. Sewage and agricultural fertilizers
Global warming could
1. produces a cooling effect
2. increase evaporation of water
3. increase cloud formation
4. affects all of these
Acid rain is harmful for
1. Agriculture
2. Aquatic ecosystem
3. Building made of marble or metal
4. All of these
Synergism relates to the phenomenon due to
1. single pollutant
2. atmospheric gases
3. water pollutants
4. two or more pollutants having much more effect than the total of individual pollutants
Ozone is an important constituent of stratosphere because it
1. Destroy bacteria which are harmful to human life
2. Prevents the formation of smog over large cities
3. Absorbs ultraviolet radiation which is harmful to human life
4. Removes poisonous gases of the atmosphere by reacting with them
Formation of ozone in the upper atmosphere from oxygen takes place by the action of
1. Nitrogen oxides
2. Ultraviolet rays
3. Cosmic rays
4. Free radicals
Presence of which fuel gas in exhaust fumes shows incomplete combustion of fuel?
1. Sulphur dioxide
2. Carbon monoxide and water vapour
3. Carbon monoxide
4. Nitrogen dioxide
Which of the following is the greenest solvent?
1. Formaldehyde
2. Benzene
3. Water
4. Ethanol
In India, rules of green chemistry are governed by
1. IGT
2. RGT
3. NGT
4. SGT
Aeration of water is done to remove
1. Suspended impurities
2. Dissolved gases
3. Dissolved salts
4. Floating impurities
An example of green chemistry is
1. Recycled carpet
2. A product made on earth's day
3. Bioplastics or biodiesel
4. A sublimation reaction
Nobel prize in green chemistry is not associated with
1. Richard R Schrock
2. Yves Chauvin
3. Robert H Grubbs
4. R Williamson
An example of chemical toxics is
1. removing water from industrial reactions
2. utilizing ammonia instead of Vinegar
3. eliminating the formation of chlorinated organics in paper
4. storing BPA (bis phenol A) in plastic bottles
Who was the co founder of world wide green chemistry movement and the first director of the green chemistry institute?
1. Paul Anastas
2. Albert Einstein
3. John Warner
4. Joseph Bren
Soybean is used to replace traditional inks in printer cartridges highlighting which of the green chemistry principles?
1. Use of renewable feedstocks
2. Atom economy
3. Reduce derivatives
4. Prevent waste
The term which refers to the breakup within a compound due to microbial activity is
1. Decomposition
2. Agro-degradation
3. Photodegradation
4. Microbial degradation
The word is synonymous with green chemistry and also means harmless or gentle and not life-threatening?
1. Benign
2. Sustainable
3. User friendly
4. Greenness
Business benefits of green chemistry include
1. reduced costs associated with waste treatment and disposal
2. innovating 'greener' products to customers
3. greater compliance with environmental legislation
4. All of these
Presence of which fuel gas in exhaust fumes shows incomplete combustion of fuel?
1. Sulphur dioxide
2. Carbon monoxide and water vapour
3. Carbon monoxide
4. Nitrogen dioxide
1000 L of air at STP was dissolved in water and required $2.5 \times 10^{- 5}$ moles of ${KMnO}_{4}$ for complete reaction of ${SO}_{2}$ as pollutants. Thus ${SO}_{2}$ content in air is
1. 1.4 ppm
2. 14 ppm
3. 2.8 ppm
4. 6.25 ppm
$CO$ as pollutant can be removed by
1. ${SO}_{2}$
2. $I_{2} O_{5}$
3. $N_{2} O_{5}$
4. All of these
Stone cancer ( as stone leprosy) of Taj mahal is due to formation of
1. ${CaCO}_{3}$
2. ${CaSO}_{4}$
3. $Ca {(OH)}_{2}$
4. $Ca {({HCO}_{3})}_{2}$
Select the correct terms
1. Biodegradable pollutants: which are degraded by natural processes rapidly
2. Non biodegradable pollutants: which are slowly degraded and remain in the environment in an unchanged form for many decades
3. Biodegradable pollutants: which are degraded by natural processes rapidly and Non biodegradable pollutants: which are slowly degraded and remain in the environment in an unchanged form for many decades
4. None of these
Higher incidents of heart diseases in smokers is related to high content of
1. ${CO}_{2}$
2. $CO$
3. $H_{2} O$
4. ${CN}^{-}$
A sample of air turns lime water milky and also turns acidified potassium dichromate green in aqueous solution has low pH. This is due to the presence of pollutants
1. ${CO}_{2}$
2. ${SO}_{2}$
3. ${CO}_{2}$ and ${SO}_{2}$
4. None of these
Leaded petrol used to be the primary source of air borne lead emission. The problem has been overcome by
1. Using TEL loaded petrol
2. Using ethanol mixed petrol
3. using unleaded petrol
4. Using MTBE loaded petrol
BOD is
1. The amount of oxygen required to convert the $NO$ in ${NO}_{2}$ in a certain volume of a sample of water
2. The amount of $F^{-}$ ions required to convert, one mole of hydroxyapatite into fluorapatite.
3. The amount of oxygen required by bacteria to break down the organic matter present in a certain volume of a sample of water
4. The amount of oxygen required to break down the non-biodegradable waste.
Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed in water bodies because it causes water pollution. Fishes in such a polluted water die because of
1. Large number of mosquitoes
2. Decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen
3. Increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen
4. Clogging of gills by mud
Which of the following does not contribute to water pollution?
1. Pathogens
2. Organic wastes
3. Chemical pollutants
4. None
Which of the following statement is false?
1. Over Antarctica, the depletion of ozone layer is due to the formation of chlorine nitrate
2. Both $O_{3}$ and ${NO}_{2}$ react with unburnt hydrocarbon in the polluted air to give PAN
3. Classical smog consists of a mixture of smog, fog and sulphur dioxide
4. Gaseous pollutants consists of oxide of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen along with dust,fumes,smoke smog etc.
Photochemical smog can be reduced by
1. Using catalytic converter in the automobiles
2. Plantation of certain plants like pinus, juniperus, vitis etc.
3. Using catalytic converter in the automobiles and Plantation of certain plants like pinus, juniperus, vitis etc.
4. None of these
Select the correct statement(s)
1. PAN is formed in a chain reaction
2. PAN is a product of photochemical smog
3. ${NO}_{2}$ contributes to haze.
4. All of these statements are correct
Which of the following statements is false?
1. Absorption of the terrestrially radiated heat by the carbon dioxide is the main cause of global warming
2. The global warming will increase the rate of melting of polar ice caps increasing the sea level
3. The global warming of the earth surface is mainly due to reforestation
4. ${CO}_{2}$ , $NO$ , ${CH}_{4}$ , $O_{3}$ , ${CCl}_{4}$ and watervapour are green house gases.
Sewage mostly constitutes
1. Effluents
2. Biodegradable pollutants
3. Non- biodegradable pollutants
4. Air pollutants
Which of the following process does not increase the amount of carbon dioxide in atmosphere?
1. Decay of animals
2. Breathing
3. Photosynthesis
4. Burning of petrol
Ozone layer of stratosphere required protection from indiscriminate use of
1. Balloons
2. Pesticides
3. Aerosols and high flying jets
4. Atomic explosions
Ultraviolet radiation from sun causes a reaction that produces
1. Fluorides
2. Carbon monoxide
3. Sulphur dioxide
4. Ozone
Which of the following acts as a sink for $CO$ ?
1. Plants
2. Haemoglobin
3. Oceans
4. Microorganisms present in the soil
Ozone depletion in stratosphere shall result in
1. Forest fires
2. increased incidence of skin burns and skin cancer
3. increase in biological oxygen demand
4. global warming
The gas responsible for ozone depletion
1. $CO$
2. ${SO}_{2}$
3. ${CO}_{2}$
4. $NO$ and freons
Ozone hole refers to
1. Increase in concentration of ozone
2. Hole in ozone layer
3. reduction in thickness of ozone layer in stratosphere
4. reduction in thickness of ozone layer in troposphere
Which of the following statement is true?
1. London smog is oxidising in nature
2. London smog contains $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ droplets
3. London smog is mixture of smoke,fog and ${SO}_{2}$
4. London smog causes bronchitis
Which of the following chemical, harmful to ozone layer is released by chlorofluoro carbon?
1. Sulphur dioxide
2. Chlorine
3. Fluorine
4. nitrogen dioxide
${SO}_{2}$ and ${NO}_{2}$ produce pollution by increasing
1. Alkalinity
2. Acidity
3. Neutrality
4. Buffer action
Which of the following gases is not a green house gas?
1. $H_{2} O$ vapours
2. $O_{3}$
3. ${CH}_{4}$
4. $CO$
Depletion of ozone layer over Antarctic takes place during
1. November i.e., after spring
2. Spring (in months of September and October)
3. Winter
4. Summer
Acid rains are produced by
1. Excess ${NO}_{2}$ and ${SO}_{2}$ from burning fossil fuels
2. Excess production of ${NH}_{3}$ by industry and coal gas
3. Excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion
4. Excess formation of ${CO}_{2}$ by combustion and animal respiration
Identify the incorrect statement from the following
1. Oxides of nitrogen in the atmosphere can cause the depletion of ozone layer
2. Ozone absorbs the infrared radiation
3. Depletion of ozone layer is because of its chemical reaction with chlorofluoroalkanes.
4. Ozone absorbs the intense ultraviolet radiation of the sun.
The medium present in the environment which consumes some amount of certain pollutant is called a
1. Sink
2. Target
3. Receptor
4. None of these
Atmospheric gases are found to trap the sun's heat near the earth's surface and keep it warm. This effect is called
1. Green house effect
2. Joule's effect
3. Thermal effect
4. None of these
Pollution is
1. removal of top soil
2. release of toxic/ undesirable materials in environment
3. conservation of energy
4. All of these
Drained sewage has biological oxygen demand (BOD)
1. more than that of water
2. less than that of water
3. equal to that of water
4. none of these
Which of the following statement is not true about classical smog?
1. It contains compounds of reducing nature
2. It is produced in cold and humid climate
3. Its main components are produced by the action of sunlight on emissions of automobiles and factories
4. It contains smog, fog and ${SO}_{2}$
Which of the following is not involved in the formation of photochemical smog?
1. Hydrocarbon
2. $NO$
3. ${SO}_{2}$
4. $O_{3}$
Which of the following will increase the BOD of water supply?
1. ${CO}_{2}$
2. $O_{3}$
3. $H_{2} O$
4. $C_{2} H_{5} OH$
Which of the following statements about photochemical smog is incorrect?
1. It has high concentration of oxidizing agents
2. plantation of some plants like pinus helps in controlling photochemical smog
3. It can be controlled by controlling the release of ${NO}_{2}$ ,hydrocarbons,ozone etc.
4. It has low concentration of oxidising agents
Select the correct statement about ozone hole out of the following
1. It is thinning of ozone layer of stratosphere at some places
2. It is a hole formed in troposphere from which ozone oozes out
3. It is a hole formed in stratosphere from which ozone oozes out
4. It means vanishing of ozone layer around the earth completely
Which of the following is an important part of photochemical smog?
1. ${SO}_{2}$
2. $CO$
3. ${CO}_{2}$
4. ${NO}_{2}$
Measurement of rate of oxygen utilisation by a unit volume of water over a period of time is to measure
1. Fermentation
2. biogas generation
3. biosynthetic pathway
4. biological oxygen demand
Fishes die in water bodies pollutedby sewage due to
1. Pathogens
2. Clogging of gills by silt
3. Reduction in oxygen
4. Foul smell
Which of the following statement is false?
1. The industrial and domestic sewage discharge is the main reason for river water pollution
2. Surface water contains a lot of organic matter and mineral nutrients
3. Oil spill in sea water causes heavy damage to fishery
4. Oil slick in sea water increases dissolved oxygen
Photochemical smog consists of excessive amount of X, in addition to aldehydes,ketones,peroxyacetylnitrile( ${RCO}_{3} {NO}_{2}$ ) and so forth(X) is
1. ${CH}_{4}$
2. $CO$
3. $O_{3}$
4. ${CO}_{2}$
Which of the following statements is false?
1. The lower the concentration of dissolved oxygen the more polluted is the water sample
2. The tolerable limit of lead in drinking water is 50 ppm
3. Water is considered pure if it has BOD less than 5 ppm.
4. None of these
The green houseeffect is because of the [AIPMT/NEET 1996]
1. Presence of gases, which in general are strong infrared absorbers in the atmosphere
2. Presence of ${CO}_{2}$ only in the atmosphere
3. Presence of $O_{3}$ and ${CH}_{4}$ in the atmosphere
4. $N_{2} O$ and chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere
Which of the following is/are the hazardous pollutant(s) present in automobile exhaust gases? [AIPMT/NEET 1996]
i. $N_{2}$ ii. $CO$ iii. ${CH}_{4}$ iv. Oxides of nitrogen
1. ii and iii
2. i and ii
3. ii and iv
4. i and iii
Green chemistry means such reactions which [AIPMT/NEET 2008]
1. Produce colour during reactions
2. reduce the use and production of hazardous chemical
3. are related to the depletion of ozone layer
4. study the reactions in plants
Which one of the following statement is not true? [AIPMT/NEET 2011]
1. pH of drinking water should be between 5.5 and 9.5.
2. Concentration of DO below 6 ppm is good for the growth of fish.
3. Clean water would have a BOD value of less than 5 ppm.
4. Oxides of sulphur, nitrogen and carbon are the most widespread air pollutant
Which one of the following statements regarding photochemical smog is not correct?
1. Photochemical smog is formed through photochemical reaction involving solar energy
2. Photochemical smog does not cause irritation in eyes and throat
3. Carbon monoxide does not play any role in photochemical smog formation
4. Photochemical smog is an oxidising agent in character
The gas leaked from a storage tank of the Union carbide plant in Bhopal gas tragedy was [AIPMT/NEET 2013]
1. Ammonia
2. Phosgene
3. Methylisocyanate
4. Methylamine
Which one of the following statement is not true? [AIPMT/NEET 2013]
1. Dissolved oxygen(DO) in cold water can reach a concentration up to 10 ppm.
2. clean water would have a BOD value of 5 ppm
3. Fluoride deficiency in drinking water is harmful.soluble fluoride is often used tobring its concentration up to 1 ppm.
4. When the pH of rain water is higher than 6.5, it is called acid rain.
Which of the following is not a common component of photochemical smog? [AIPMT/NEET 2014]
1. Ozone
2. Acrolein
3. Peroxyacetyl nitrate
4. Chlorofluorocarbons
Phosphate pollution is caused by [AIIMS 2008]
1. Sewage and agricultural fertilizers
2. Agricultural ferilizers only
3. Phosphate rocks and sewage
4. Weathering of phosphate rocks only
Ozone depletion over Antarctica is due to the [AIIMS 2003]
1. Formation of chlorine nitrate( ${ClONO}_{2}$ )
2. Formation of $HCl$
3. Formation of $HOCl$ and ${Cl}_{2}$ which are converted back into reactive $Cl$ atoms.
4. None of these
Which of the following statement is not true? [AIIMS 2004]
1. pH of drinking water should be between 5.5 and 9.5.
2. Concentration of DO below 6 ppm is good for the growth of fish
3. Clean water would have a BOD value of less than 5 ppm.
4. Oxides of sulphur,nitrogen and carbon are the most widespread air pollutants
Mesopause represents the point of temperature inverson between
1. Troposphere and stratosphere
2. Troposphere and mesosphere
3. Stratosphere and mesosphere
4. Mesosphere and thermosphere
The medium present in the environment which consumes some amount of certain pollutant is called a
1. Sink
2. Target
3. Receptor
4. None of these
Identify the incorrect statement from the following
1. Oxides of nitrogen in the atmosphere can cause depletion of ozone layer
2. Ozone absorbs infrered radiation
3. Depletion of ozone layer is because of its chemical reaction with chlorofluoroalkanes
4. Ozone absorbs the intense ultraviolet radiation of the sun
Phosphate pollution is caused by
1. Sewage and agricultural fertilizers
2. agricultural fertilizers only
3. Phosphate rocks and sewage
4. Weathering of phosphate rocks only
Persistent pesticides such as DDT pass into food chain and increase in amount per unit weight of organism due to their accumulation in fat.This phenomenon is called [AIIMS 2008]
1. Biomagnification
2. Biodegradation
3. Biosynthesis
4. Decomposition
Which of the following is not an example of green chemistry? [AIIMS 2009]
1. Reacting methylamine and phosgene to produce methyl isocyanate
2. Replacement of CFCs by carbon dioxide as blowing agent in the manufacture of polystyrene foam sheets
3. Catalyticdehydrogenation of the diethanol amine without using cyanide and formaldehyde
4. Replacement of organotins by sea-nine as anti fouling compound in sea marines
Which of the following statement is not true?
1. pH of drinking water should be between 5.5 and 9.5
2. Concentration of DO below 6 ppmis good for the growth of fish
3. Clean water would have a BOD value of less than 5 ppm.
4. Oxides of sulphur, nitrogen nad carbon are the most widespread air pollutant.
The point of temperature inversion between troposphere and ionosphere is called
1. Stratopause
2. Mesopause
3. Ionopause
4. Tropopause
Choose the biodegradable pollutant out of the following
1. DDT
2. Cow dung
3. Alkyl benzene sulphonate
4. Mercury
Which of the following is not involved in the formation of photochemical smog?
1. Hydrocarbon
2. $NO$
3. ${SO}_{2}$
4. $O_{3}$
The term which refers to the breakup within a compound due to microbial activity is
1. Decomposition
2. Agro-degradation
3. Photodegradation
4. Microbial degradation
Which of the following practices will not come under green chemistry?
1. If possible making use of vegetable oils instead of using synthetic detergents
2. Using plastic cans for neatly strong substance
3. Using bicycles for travelling small distances instead of using petrol/diesel based vehicles
4. Using hydrogen peroxide for bleaching purpose instead of using chlorine based bleaching agents
Environmental benefits of green chemistry include
1. Fewer raw materials and natural resources used
2. Cleaner production technologies and reduced emission
3. Smaller quantities of hazardous waste to be treated and disposed of
4. All of these
Out of PAN, $H_{2} {CO}_{3}$ , $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ , and ${HNO}_{3}$ acid rain contains
1. PAN, $H_{2} {CO}_{3}$
2. $H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ , ${HNO}_{3}$
3. PAN, ${HNO}_{3}$
4. PAN, $H_{2} {SO}_{3}$
Assertion - Photochemical smog is oxidising in nature.
Reason - Photochemical smog contains ${NO}_{2}$ , and $O_{3}$ , which are formed during the sequence of reaction.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is true but reason is false
Assertion- Excessive use of chlorinated synthetic pesticides causes soil and water pollution.
Reason -Such pesticides are non-biodegradable.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is true but reason is false
Assertion- If BOD level of water in a reservoir is less than 5 ppm it is highly polluted.
Reason - High biological oxygen demand means low activity of bacteria in water.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is true but reason is false
Assertion- $CO$ and $NO$ have equal affinity for haemoglobin.
Reason - Both combine with haemoglobin
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is true but reason is false
Assertion - As the pH of water decreases, the solubility of metal ions increases.
Reason - Water having pH>5.5 is not suitable for drinking purposes.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion- Photochemical smog results from the action of sunlight on unsaturated hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides liberated by automobiles and factories.
Reason - Classical smog is a mixture of smoke,fog and sulphur dioxide.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion - Bacteria,fungi,moulds and algae are viable particulates.
Reason - Smaoke particulates consist of solid or mixture of solid and liquid particles formed during combustion of organic matter.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion - The marble structure reacts with traces of sulphuric acid present in acid rain.
Reason - Taj Mahal is being slowly damaged by acid rain.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion- Carbon dioxide is one of the main constituent of green house gases.
Reason - In pregnant women increased carbon monoxide level induce premature birth,spontaneous abortions and deformed babies.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion - Carbon monoxide is a toxic air pollutant because
Reason - Carbon monoxide binds with haemoglobin of blood and reduces oxygen transport efficiency of blood.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion - In the stratosphere, ozone is produced by the action of UV radiations on dioxygen.
Reasons - UV radiations split the molecular oxygen into free oxygen atoms which combine with molecular oxygen to form ozone.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion - Green plants maintain an appropriate level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Reason - Green plant require carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and they, in turn releases oxygen.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion - Acid rain is harmful for agriculture,trees and plants.
Reasons - Acid rain dissolves and washes away nutrients need for growth of agriculture,trees and plants.
1. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. If assertion is true but reason is false
4. If assertion is false but reason is true