p- Block Elements

The last electron in the electronic configuration enters the p-orbital of the p-block elements. Elements in Groups 13-18 of the Periodic Table are called P-block elements.  These include metals, metalloids, noble gases and halogens. Some of the commonly known elements in the P-block are:

Ø Metals: Aluminium (Al), Boron (B), Tin (Sn).

Ø Metalloids: Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge)

Ø Noble Gases: Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar).

Ø Halogens: Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br).

Definition of p-Block

Elements having a place within the group 13 (i.e. group IIIA) to group 17 (i.e. group VIIA) of the periodic table alongside the group 18 i.e. the zero group elements together frame the p-block of the periodic table.

Position of p-Block Elements in the Periodic Table

In the elements of p-block, the last electron enters the furthest p orbital. They have 3 to 8 electrons in the peripheral shell. As we realize that the quantity of p orbitals is three and, therefore, the most extreme number of electrons that can be obliged in an arrangement of p orbitals is six. Consequently, there are six groups of p-block elements in the periodic table numbering from 13 to 18.

Ø First group: group IIIA called as Boron group

Ø Second group: group IVA called as Carbon group.

Ø Third group: group VA called as Nitrogen group.

Ø Fourth group: group VIA called as Chalcogens.

Ø Fifth group: group VIIA called as Halogens.

Ø Sixth group: zero group or group 18 called as Inert or Noble gasses group.

In the p-block, all the three sorts of elements are available, i.e. the Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids. The crisscross line in the p-block isolates every one of the elements that are metals from those that are non-metals. Metals are found on the left of the line, and non-metals are those on the right. Along the line, we discover the metalloids. Because of the nearness of a wide range of elements, the p-block demonstrates a great deal of variety in properties.